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Writer's pictureCatherine Macke

Phasing out HCFC products including Freon (R-22)


HCFC is a commonly used hydro-chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant that is used in air conditioning and other systems. As recently as 2020 a refrigerant commonly known as Freon or HCFC-22 (R-22) began phasing out from production or import in the United States. Not only is HCFC-22 being phased out, but all HCFCs are going to be completely phased out by 2030.


Why are HCFCs being phased out?


According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the initial decision to phase out HCFCs started in 1993 under the Clean Air Act. It was found that Freon and other HCFC products were ozone depleting substances (ODS). To reduce HCFC emissions the Clean Air Act states that all Class II substances will be phased out starting with the most harmful to least harmful products. As early as 2003 the phaseout of HCFCs began, starting with HCFC-141b with a completion of the phaseout ending in 2030.


How does this affect air conditioning practices?


According to the EPA, any newly imported or produced HCFC products can only be used on equipment manufactured before January 1st, 2020. This means that air conditioning or refrigeration systems manufactured after January 1st, 2020 cannot use any newly produced HCFC products. Although there is a ban on newly produced HCFCs, there is still the availability of use for recycled and stockpiled HCFCs.


What happens if/when HCFC is no longer available?


Many consumers may be concerned about the future use of HCFC, due to so many air conditioning and refrigeration systems being reliant upon their use. While this is a concern, there is some good news. There are non-ozone-depleting substances available as an alternative use for HCFC. Although, cooling systems will need to be modified in order to use these substances due to the difference in pressurization. Current production of cooling systems are already available that are more climate-friendly once you are ready to replace your air conditioning and refrigeration system.


How to prepare as a consumer?


Many air conditioning and refrigeration systems have their own life-span. Most cooling systems on average are replaced within 10-15 years depending on the manufacturer's recommendation. If it is still too early to replace your air conditioning system we recommend to consider making the switch to have your system modified to use HCFC alternatives. If that is not an option HCFCs are still able to be used that have been recycled or stockpiled, but you may need to work with your HVAC technician to check their availability.

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